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RCSFILE(5) FILE FORMATS RCSFILE(5)
NAME
rcsfile - format of RCS file
DESCRIPTION
An RCS file's contents are described by the grammar below.
The text is free format: space, backspace, tab, newline,
vertical tab, form feed, and carriage return (collectively,
_w_h_i_t_e _s_p_a_c_e) have no significance except in strings. How-
ever, an RCS file must end in a newline character.
Strings are enclosed by @. If a string contains a @, it
must be doubled; otherwise, strings may contain arbitrary
binary data.
The meta syntax uses the following conventions: `|' (bar)
separates alternatives; `{' and `}' enclose optional
phrases; `{' and `}*' enclose phrases that may be repeated
zero or more times; `{' and '}+' enclose phrases that must
appear at least once and may be repeated; Terminal symbols
are in boldface; nonterminal symbols are in _i_t_a_l_i_c_s.
_r_c_s_t_e_x_t ::= _a_d_m_i_n {_d_e_l_t_a}* _d_e_s_c {_d_e_l_t_a_t_e_x_t}*
_a_d_m_i_n ::= head {_n_u_m};
{ branch {_n_u_m}; }
access {_i_d}*;
symbols {_i_d : _n_u_m}*;
locks {_i_d : _n_u_m}*; {strict ;}
{ comment {_s_t_r_i_n_g}; }
{ expand {_s_t_r_i_n_g}; }
{ _n_e_w_p_h_r_a_s_e }*
_d_e_l_t_a ::= _n_u_m
date _n_u_m;
author _i_d;
state {_i_d};
branches {_n_u_m}*;
next {_n_u_m};
{ _n_e_w_p_h_r_a_s_e }*
_d_e_s_c ::= desc _s_t_r_i_n_g
_d_e_l_t_a_t_e_x_t ::= _n_u_m
log _s_t_r_i_n_g
{ _n_e_w_p_h_r_a_s_e }*
text _s_t_r_i_n_g
_n_u_m ::= {_d_i_g_i_t{.}}+
_d_i_g_i_t ::= 0 | 1 | ... | 9
GNU Last change: 1991/08/19 1
RCSFILE(5) FILE FORMATS RCSFILE(5)
_i_d ::= _l_e_t_t_e_r{_i_d_c_h_a_r}*
_l_e_t_t_e_r ::= any letter
_i_d_c_h_a_r ::= any visible graphic character except _s_p_e_c_i_a_l
_s_p_e_c_i_a_l ::= $ | , | . | : | ; | @
_s_t_r_i_n_g ::= @{any character, with @ doubled}*@
_n_e_w_p_h_r_a_s_e ::= _i_d _w_o_r_d* ;
_w_o_r_d ::= _i_d | _n_u_m | _s_t_r_i_n_g | :
Identifiers are case sensitive. Keywords are in lower case
only. The sets of keywords and identifiers may overlap. In
most environments RCS uses the ISO 8859/1 encoding: letters
are octal codes 101-132, 141-172, 300-326, 330-366 and 370-
377, visible graphic characters are codes 041-176 and
240-377, and white space characters are codes 010-015 and
040.
The _n_e_w_p_h_r_a_s_e productions in the grammar are reserved for
future extensions to the format of RCS files. No _n_e_w_p_h_r_a_s_e
will begin with any keyword already in use.
The _d_e_l_t_a nodes form a tree. All nodes whose numbers con-
sist of a single pair (e.g., 2.3, 2.1, 1.3, etc.) are on the
trunk, and are linked through the next field in order of
decreasing numbers. The head field in the _a_d_m_i_n node points
to the head of that sequence (i.e., contains the highest
pair). The branch node in the admin node indicates the
default branch (or revision) for most RCS operations. If
empty, the default branch is the highest branch on the
trunk.
All _d_e_l_t_a nodes whose numbers consist of 2_n fields (_n)
(e.g., 3.1.1.1, 2.1.2.2, etc.) are linked as follows. All
nodes whose first 2_n-1 number fields are identical are
linked through the next field in order of increasing
numbers. For each such sequence, the _d_e_l_t_a node whose
number is identical to the first 2_n-2 number fields of the
deltas on that sequence is called the branchpoint. The
branches field of a node contains a list of the numbers of
the first nodes of all sequences for which it is a bran-
chpoint. This list is ordered in increasing numbers.
GNU Last change: 1991/08/19 2
RCSFILE(5) FILE FORMATS RCSFILE(5)
Example:
Head
|
|
v / \
--------- / \
/ \ / \ | | / \ / \
/ \ / \ | 2.1 | / \ / \
/ \ / \ | | / \ / \
/1.2.1.3\ /1.3.1.1\ | | /1.2.2.2\ /1.2.2.1.1.1\
--------- --------- --------- --------- -------------
^ ^ | ^ ^
| | | | |
| | v | |
/ \ | --------- / \ |
/ \ | \ 1.3 / / \ |
/ \ ---------\ / / \-----------
/1.2.1.1\ \ / /1.2.2.1\
--------- \ / ---------
^ | ^
| | |
| v |
| --------- |
| \ 1.2 / |
----------------------\ /---------
\ /
\ /
|
|
v
---------
\ 1.1 /
\ /
\ /
\ /
Fig. 1: A revision tree
IDENTIFICATION
Author: Walter F. Tichy, Purdue University, West Lafayette,
IN, 47907.
Revision Number: 5.1; Release Date: 1991/08/19.
Copyright c 1982, 1988, 1989 by Walter F. Tichy.
Copyright c 1990, 1991 by Paul Eggert.
SEE ALSO
ci(1), co(1), ident(1), rcs(1), rcsdiff(1), rcsmerge(1),
rlog(1),
Walter F. Tichy, RCS--A System for Version Control,
_S_o_f_t_w_a_r_e--_P_r_a_c_t_i_c_e & _E_x_p_e_r_i_e_n_c_e 15, 7 (July 1985), 637-654.
GNU Last change: 1991/08/19 3